Materi Reported WH Questions
Reproted WH Questions merupakan sebuah kalimat tanya tidak eksklusif atau kalimat tanya yang disampaikan kembali oleh seseorang kepada orang lain.
Sebagai pola apabila ada dua orang, anggap saja si A dan si B.
Pada ketika si A bertanya kepada si B misal:
A: "Dimana kau tinggal?"
B: "Aku tinggal di sebuah perumahan di sentra kota."
Kemudian kita mengulangi pertanyaan si A untuk disampaikan kembali kepada orang lain dengan kalimat: "si A bertanya kepada si B dimana ia tinggal." Maka itulah yang dinamakan pertanyaan tidak eksklusif atau dalam Bahasa Inggris disebut Reported Questions.
Mudah-mudahan pola sederhana tersebut memperlihatkan citra awal ihwal pengertian Reported Questions.
Supaya membantu dalam memahami materi yang akan kita bahas, ada baiknya kita memahami dahulu materi ihwal WH Questions itu sendiri, kalau materi tersebut belum dipelajari silahkan saluran postingan berjudul
RUMUS PALING JITU UNTUK MENYUSUN WH QUESTIONS DALAM BENTUK SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
Pada ketika kita akan merubah kalimat tanya menjadi kalimat tanya tidak eksklusif ada beberapa hal yang harus diperhatikan seperti:
1. Struktur kalimat
Pola dalam kalimat tanya biasanya:Question words + Auxiliary + Subject + Verb?
Pada ketika kalimat tanya diubah menjadi kalimat tanya tidak eksklusif maka struktur kalimatnya tidak lagi dalam bentuk kalimat tanya, melainkan dalam bentuk Statement.
Polanya menjadi: Question words + Subject + Verb.
2. Perbuahan bentuk Tenses.
Bentuk Tenses yang dipakai pada kalimat tanya akan menjelma bentuk Tenses yang lain pada kalimat tanya tidak eksklusif (Reported Questions).Perubahan Tenses tersebut ibarat berikut:
KALIMAT LANGSUNG - KALIMAT TIDAK LANGSUNG
Simple Present Tense - Simple Past Tense
Present Continuous - Past Continuous
Present Perfect - Past Perfect
Simple Past Tense - Past Perfect
Present Perfect Continuous - Past Perfect Continuous
Past Continuous - Past Perfect Continuous
Simple Future Tense - Past Future Tense
Kalimat yang mengandung Modals
Will - Would
Must, Have to - Had to
Shall - Would / Should
Can - Could
3. Perubahan Pronoun (Kata ganti orang)
Pronoun dalam kalimat eksklusif sanggup mengalami perubahan pada ketika kita ubah menjadi kalimat langsung.Kita harus memperhatikan referensi dari setiap pronoun tersebut.
4. Perubahan Adverb (Kata keterangan)
Contoh adverb yang mengalami perubahan dari kalimat tanya eksklusif menjadi kalimat tanya tidak eksklusif seperti:KALIMAT LANGSUNG - KALIMAT TIDAK LANGSUNG
Now - Then / at that moment
Today - That day
Tomorrow - The following day / The next day / a day later
Yesterday - The previous day / The day before
Last week - The week before / The previous week
Last month - The month before / The previous month
Last year - The year before / The previous year
Next week - The week later / The following week
Next month - The month later / The following month
Next year - The year later / The following year
Here - There
This - That
Rumus yang dipakai untuk menyusun Reproted WH Questions adalah:
INTRODUCTORY CLAUSE + QUESTION WORDS + SUBJECT + VERB
Keterangan:
Introductory Clause yakni sebuah pernyataan pembuka untuk membuktikan siapa yang bertanya dan kepada siapa pertanyaan itu ditujukan.
Contoh: Andy asked Alex, Louise asked me, etc.
Question Words yakni banyak sekali jenis pertanyaan yang dipakai ibarat What, Who, Where, When, Why, How.
Subject yakni pelaku atau unsur pokok dalam sebuah kalimat.
Verb yakni kata kerja atau yang menjadi perdikat dalam sebuah kalimat.
Perhatikan pola penyusunan Reported WH Questions berikut:
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE - SIMPLE PAST TENSE
Dave asks me: "What do you know about me?"Dave asked me what I knew about him.
Dave asks me: "What is your name?"
Dave asked me what my name was.
Mr. Ardi asks Sherly: "Who steals your handphone?"
Mr. Ardi asked Sherly Who stole her / Sherly's handphone.
Mr. Ardi asks Sherly: "Who is the suspect?"
Mr. Ardi asked Sherly who the suspect was.
She asks him: "Where do you find my ID card?"
She asked him where he found her ID card.
She asks him: "Where are your documents and ID card?"
She asked him where his documents and ID card were.
He asks me: "When does Mr. Ali come to the classroom?"
He asked me when Mr. Ali came to the classroom.
He asks me: "When is Mr. Ali's class?"
He asked me when Mr. Ali's class was.
Ramlan asks Budi: "Why do you hurt her?"
Ramlan asked Budi why he (Budi) hurt her.
Ramlan asks Budi: "Why is she sad?"
Ramlan asked Budi why she was sad.
She asks me: "How does Rizki drive his car?"
She asked me how Rizki drove his car.
She asks me: "How is Rizki's driving skill?"
She asked me how Rizki's driving skill was.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS - PAST CONTINUOUS
Dave asks me: "What are you doing here?"Dave asked me what I was doing there.
Mr. Ardi asks Sherly: "Who is borrowing your handphone now?"
Mr. Ardi asked Sherly Who was borrowing her / Sherly's handphone then.
She asks him: "Where are you going?"
She asked him where he was going.
He asks me: "When is Mr. Ali coming to the classroom?"
He asked me when Mr. Ali was coming to the classroom.
Ramlan asks Budi: "Why are you hurting her?"
Ramlan asked Budi why he (Budi) was hurting her.
She asks me: "How is Rizki driving his car?"
She asked me how Rizki was driving his car.
PRESENT PERFECT - PAST PERFECT
Dave asks me: "What have you known about me?"Dave asked me what I had known about him.
Mr. Ardi asks Sherly: "Who has stolen your handphone?"
Mr. Ardi asked Sherly Who had stolen her / Sherly's handphone.
Mr. Ardi asks Sherly: "Who has the suspect been?"
Mr. Ardi asked Sherly who the suspect had been.
She asks him: "Where have you found my ID card?"
She asked him where he had found her ID card.
She asks him: "Where have your documents and ID card been?"
She asked him where his documents and ID card had been.
He asks me: "When has Mr. Ali come to the classroom?"
He asked me when Mr. Ali had come to the classroom.
Ramlan asks Budi: "Why have you hurt her?"
Ramlan asked Budi why he (Budi) had hurt her.
Ramlan asks Budi: "Why has she been sad?"
Ramlan asked Budi why she had been sad.
She asks me: "How has Rizki driven his car?"
She asked me how Rizki had driven his car.
She asks me: "How has Rizki's driving skill been?"
She asked me how Rizki's driving skill had been.
SIMPLE PAST TENSE - PAST PERFECT
Dave asks me: "What did you know about me?"Dave asked me what I had known about him.
Dave asks me: "What was your job last year?"
Dave asked me what my job had been the year before.
Mr. Ardi asks Sherly: "Who stole your handphone?"
Mr. Ardi asked Sherly Who had stolen her / Sherly's handphone.
Mr. Ardi asks Sherly: "Who was the suspect?"
Mr. Ardi asked Sherly who the suspect had been.
She asks him: "Where did you find my ID card?"
She asked him where he had found her ID card.
She asks him: "Where were your documents and ID card?"
She asked him where his documents and ID card had been.
He asks me: "When did Mr. Ali come to the classroom?"
He asked me when Mr. Ali had come to the classroom.
He asks me: "When was Mr. Ali's class?"
He asked me when Mr. Ali's class had been.
Ramlan asks Budi: "Why did you hurt her?"
Ramlan asked Budi why he (Budi) had hurt her.
Ramlan asks Budi: "Why was she sad?"
Ramlan asked Budi why she had been sad.
She asks me: "How did Rizki drive his car?"
She asked me how Rizki had driven his car.
She asks me: "How was Rizki's driving skill?"
She asked me how Rizki's driving skill had been.
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS - PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Dave asks me: "What have you been talking about?"Dave asked me what I had been talking about.
Mr. Ardi asks Sherly: "Who has been borrowing your handphone?"
Mr. Ardi asked Sherly Who had been borrowing her / Sherly's handphone.
She asks him: "Where have you been going?"
She asked him where he had been going.
He asks me: "When has Mr. Ali been coming to the classroom?"
He asked me when Mr. Ali had been coming to the classroom.
Ramlan asks Budi: "Why have you been hurting her?"
Ramlan asked Budi why he (Budi) had been hurting her.
She asks me: "How has Rizki been driving his car?"
She asked me how Rizki had been driving his car.
PAST CONTINUOUS - PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Dave asks me: "What were you talking about?"Dave asked me what I had been talking about.
Mr. Ardi asks Sherly: "Who was borrowing your handphone?"
Mr. Ardi asked Sherly Who had been borrowing her / Sherly's handphone.
She asks him: "Where were you going?"
She asked him where he had been going.
He asks me: "When was Mr. Ali coming to the classroom?"
He asked me when Mr. Ali had been coming to the classroom.
Ramlan asks Budi: "Why were you hurting her?"
Ramlan asked Budi why he (Budi) had been hurting her.
She asks me: "How was Rizki driving his car?"
She asked me how Rizki had been driving his car.
SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE - PAST FUTURE TENSE
Dave asks me: "What will you know about me?"Dave asked me what I would know about him.
Dave asks me: "What will your job be next month?"
Dave asked me what my job would be the following month.
Mr. Ardi asks Sherly: "Who will borrow your handphone?"
Mr. Ardi asked Sherly Who would borrow her / Sherly's handphone.
Mr. Ardi asks Sherly: "Who will the suspect be?"
Mr. Ardi asked Sherly who the suspect would be.
She asks him: "Where will you find my ID card?"
She asked him where he would find her ID card.
She asks him: "Where will your documents and ID card be?"
She asked him where his documents and ID card would be.
He asks me: "When will Mr. Ali come to the classroom?"
He asked me when Mr. Ali would come to the classroom.
He asks me: "When will Mr. Ali's class be?"
He asked me when Mr. Ali's class would be.
Ramlan asks Budi: "Why will you hurt her?"
Ramlan asked Budi why he (Budi) would hurt her.
Ramlan asks Budi: "Why will she be sad?"
Ramlan asked Budi why she would be sad.
She asks me: "How will Rizki drive his car?"
She asked me how would Rizki drive his car.
She asks me: "How will Rizki's driving skill be after 3 weeks of training?"
She asked me how Rizki's driving skill would be after 3 weeks of training.
MODALS
Ginanjar asks me: "What can I buy with $.100?"Ginanjar asked me what could he buy with $.100.
Collins asks her: "Where must I meet you?"
Collins asked her where he had to meet her.
Waiter asks Mr. John: "How can I help you?"
Waiter asked Mr. John how he could help him/ Mr. John.
Jimmy asks Vera: "When shall we visit the governoor's house?"
Jimmy asked Vera when they would visit the governoor's house.
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